/***************************************************************
* Name: Prof. Rafael Orta
* Course: Computer Science & Programming
* Class: CS04103 Section: 1 & 2
* Assignment Date: 09/11/20
* File Name: Chapter3.cpp
*****************************************************************
* ID: Chapter3
* Purpose: This program is used to ilustrated Chapter 3 concepts
*****************************************************************/
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Declaration Statements
float age = 0, year = 0;
string fName, equals, Test;
short overUnder = 32767;
double largeNumber = 9999999876543.2129;
const int size = 11;
char Cstr[size];
int num = 0;
// Obtaining values from the keyboard using the cin command.
cout << "Please write your first name and your age: ";
cin >> fName >> age;
cout << "Your First Name is " << fName << " and you are " << age << " years old." << endl;
// Mathematical Expressions.
year = 2020 - age;
cout << "You were born around: " << year << endl;
// Casting
cout << "Floating point value casted to integer: " << static_cast<int>(4.2) << endl;
// Overflow & Undeflow
cout << "The Value of overUnder is: " << overUnder << endl;
overUnder = overUnder + 1;
cout << "The Value of overUnder creating an overflow is : " << overUnder << endl;
overUnder = overUnder - 1;
cout << "The Value of overUnder creating an underflow is : " << overUnder << endl;
// Combined Assignment
age += 10;
cout << "In 10 years you will be " << age << " years old" << endl;
// Stream manipulators
cout << setw(49) << "Your First Name is: " << fName << endl; // Padding 49 character minus the size of the text here.
cout << showpoint << "Your age in 10 years as a floating point value is: " << age << endl;
age = age - 9.9742134;
cout << "Your age as a floating point value is: " << age << endl;
cout << setprecision(4) << "Your age with precision controlled is: " << age << endl;
cout << "Displaying a large number: " << largeNumber << endl;
cout << fixed << "Displaying a large number: " << largeNumber << endl;
cout << scientific << "Displaying a large number: " << largeNumber << endl;
// String Input
cout << "Please write your full name again: ";
cin >> fName;
cout << "The command cin uses space as separator, therefore it stops when it sees the separation between first name and last name: " << fName << endl;
cin.ignore(256,'\n');
cout << "Please write your full name once more: ";
getline(cin,fName);
cout << "You need to use the getline command for it: " << fName << endl;
// String Functions
equals.assign(80,'=');
cout << equals << endl;
cout << "Your name has: " << fName.length() << " characters." << endl;
cout << "Your name is " << fName + " and you like the Eagles" << endl;
// Using C-strings
cout << equals << endl;
cout << "Enter your cat's name: ";
cin >> Cstr;
strcpy(Cstr,"Manchego");
cout << "Your cat's name is : " << Cstr << endl;
// A way of limiting the input length
cout << "Enter 5 characters: " ;
cin.width(5) ;
cin >> Test;
cout << endl << "Stored only: " << Test ;
// Another way of limiting the input length
cin.ignore();
cout << "\nEnter 5 characters once more: " ;
cin >> setw(5) >> Test;
cout << endl << "Stored only: " << Test ;
// Using random numners
cout << equals << endl;
unsigned seed = time(0);
srand(seed);
num = rand() % 9;
cout << "This is a random number from 1 to 10: " << num << endl;
return 0;
}
